Dynamics#
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.sR(M_R, G_R)[source]#
Resonance pole location calculated from its mass and width.
- Parameters:
M_R (float) – Mass of the particle.
G_R (float) – Width of the particle.
- Returns:
sR – The complex pole location.
- Return type:
complex
Notes
The pole location is calculated using \(s_R(M_R, \Gamma_R) = (M_R - i \Gamma_R / 2)^2\).
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.vertex_VPP__2(s, mP, mP_2=None)[source]#
A vector \(\to\) pseudoscalar–pseudoscalar vertex squared.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Kinematic variable (can be complex).
mP (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar with momentum \(p_1\).
mP_2 (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar with momentum \(p_2\) (if not passed, a case with equal masses will be returned).
- Returns:
b – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
The vertex \(V(q)\to P(p_1)P(p_2)\) is given by
\[\hat{\beta}_{VPP}^{\mu}(q,p_1,p_2) \propto (p_1 - p_2)^{\mu}.\]Spin-averaged vertex function
\[\beta_{VPP}^2(q^2, p_1^2, p_2^2) = \frac{\lambda(q^2, p_1^2, p_2^2)}{q^2} .\]The function returns \(\beta_{VPP}^2(s, m_{P1}^2, m_{P2}^2)/3\), where \(3=(2l+1)\) corresponds to the P-wave \((l=1)\).
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.vertex_VPP(s, mP, mP_2=None)[source]#
A vector \(\to\) pseudoscalar–pseudoscalar vertex.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Kinematic variable (can be complex).
mP (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar with momentum \(p_1\).
mP_2 (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar with momentum \(p_2\) (if not passed, a case with equal masses will be returned).
- Returns:
b – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
This returns the square root of
vertex_VPP__2(), i.e. \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\beta_{VPP}(s, m_{P1}^2, m_{P2}^2)\). For most applications we need the squared version.
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.vertex_VVP__2(s, mV, mP)[source]#
A vector \(\to\) vector–pseudoscalar vertex squared.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Kinematic variable (can be complex).
mV (float) – Mass of the vector with momentum \(k\).
mP (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar with momentum \(p\).
- Returns:
b – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
The vertex \(V(q)\to V(k)P(p)\) is given by
\[\hat{\beta}_{VVP}^{(\lambda)\mu}(q, k, p) = \epsilon^{\mu\nu\alpha\beta} n^{(\lambda)}_\nu p_\alpha q_\beta .\]Spin-averaged vertex function
\[\beta_{VVP}^2(q^2, k^2, p^2) = \frac{\lambda(q^2, k^2, p^2)}{2} .\]The function returns \(\beta_{VVP}^2(s, m_V^2, m_P^2)/3\), where \(3=(2l+1)\) corresponds to the P-wave \((l=1)\).
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.vertex_VVP(s, mV, mP)[source]#
A vector \(\to\) vector–pseudoscalar vertex.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Kinematic variable (can be complex).
mV (float) – Mass of the vector with momentum \(k\).
mP (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar with momentum \(p\).
- Returns:
b – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
This returns the square root of
vertex_VVP__2(), i.e. \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\beta_{VVP}(s, m_V^2, m_P^2)\). For most applications we need the squared version.
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.vertex_AVP__2(s, mV, mP)[source]#
An axial vector \(\to\) vector–pseudoscalar vertex squared.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Kinematic variable (can be complex).
mV (float) – Mass of the vector with momentum \(k\).
mP (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar with momentum \(p\).
- Returns:
b – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
The vertex \(A(q)\to V(k)P(p)\) is given by
\[\hat{\beta}_{AVP}^{(\lambda)\mu}(q, k, p) = (q \cdot k) \, n^{(\lambda)\mu} - (n^{(\lambda)} \cdot q) \, k^\mu .\]Spin-averaged vertex function
\[\beta_{AVP}^2(q^2, k^2, p^2) = 3q^2k^2 + \frac{\lambda(q^2, k^2, p^2)}{2} .\]The function returns \(\beta_{AVP}^2(s, m_V^2, m_P^2)/3\).
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.vertex_AVP(s, mV, mP)[source]#
An axial vector \(\to\) vector–pseudoscalar vertex.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Kinematic variable (can be complex).
mV (float) – Mass of the vector with momentum \(k\).
mP (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar with momentum \(p\).
- Returns:
b – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
This returns the square root of
vertex_AVP__2(), i.e. \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\beta_{AVP}(s, m_V^2, m_P^2)\). For most applications we need the squared version.
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.vertex_VAP__2(s, mA, mP)[source]#
A vector \(\to\) axial vector–pseudoscalar vertex squared.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Kinematic variable (can be complex).
mV (float) – Mass of the axial vector with momentum \(k\).
mP (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar with momentum \(p\).
- Returns:
b – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
The vertex \(V(q)\to A(k)P(p)\) is given by
\[\hat{\beta}_{VAP}^{(\lambda)\mu}(q, k, p) = (q \cdot k) \, n^{(\lambda)\mu} - (n^{(\lambda)} \cdot q) \, k^\mu .\]Spin-averaged vertex function
\[\beta_{VAP}^2(q^2, k^2, p^2) = 3q^2k^2 + \frac{\lambda(q^2, k^2, p^2)}{2} .\]The function returns \(\beta_{VAP}^2(s, m_A^2, m_P^2)/3\).
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.vertex_VAP(s, mA, mP)[source]#
A vector \(\to\) axial vector–pseudoscalar vertex.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Kinematic variable (can be complex).
mV (float) – Mass of the axial vector with momentum \(k\).
mP (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar with momentum \(p\).
- Returns:
b – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
This returns the square root of
vertex_VAP__2(), i.e. \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\beta_{VAP}(s, m_A^2, m_P^2)\). For most applications we need the squared version.
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.vertex_VAP_T1__2(s, mA, mP)[source]#
A vector \(\to\) axial vector–pseudoscalar vertex squared.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Kinematic variable (can be complex).
mV (float) – Mass of the axial vector with momentum \(k\).
mP (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar with momentum \(p\).
- Returns:
b – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.vertex_VAP_T2__2(s, mA, mP)[source]#
A vector \(\to\) axial vector–pseudoscalar vertex squared.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Kinematic variable (can be complex).
mV (float) – Mass of the axial vector with momentum \(k\).
mP (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar with momentum \(p\).
- Returns:
b – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.taming_BlattWeisskopf(s, sthr: float, sB: float, l: int = 1, normalize_at_sB: bool = False)[source]#
Blatt–Weisskopf taming factors.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Kinematic variable (can be complex).
sthr (float) – Threshold of the relevant channel.
sB (float) – Range parameter.
l (int) – Partial wave.
normalize_at_sB (boolean) – If set to True, \(B(s_B) = 1\).
- Returns:
B – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
- Raises:
NotImplementedError – The function is only implemented for the partial waves \(l\in\{0,1,2,3,4\}\). Any other input triggers an error.
Notes
The first few Blatt–Weisskopf taming factors are given by [4]
\[\begin{split}\begin{align} B_0(s) &= 1, \\ B_1(s) &= 1 / (x + 1), \\ B_2(s) &= 1 / ((x-3)^2 + 9x), \\ \end{align}\end{split}\]where \(x=(s-s_{thr}) / (s_B - s_{thr})\).
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.taming_spacelike_pole(s, sB: float = 4.0, n: int = 1)[source]#
A simple decaying function, used as a taming factor.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Kinematic variable (can be complex).
sB (float) – Range parameter.
n (int) – Degree of decay.
- Returns:
B – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
The function is defined as
\[B_n(s) = \left( \frac{s_B}{s_B + s} \right)^n .\]This creates a space-like pole (of degree n) at \(s = -s_B\).
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.BreitWigner(s, mass: float, width: float)[source]#
Breit–Wigner distribution.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Four-momentum squared of the propagating particle.
mass (float) – Mass of the propagating particle.
width (float) – Width of the propagating particle.
- Returns:
G – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
The distribution is defined as [2]
\[G(s, M, \Gamma) = \frac{1}{s - M^2 + i M \Gamma},\]where \(M\) and \(\Gamma\) are the mass and the width of the propagating particle, correspondingly.
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.BreitWignerED(s, mass: float, width_s: callable, width_0: float)[source]#
Breit–Wigner distribution.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Four-momentum squared of the propagating particle.
mass (float) – Mass of the propagating particle.
width_s (callable) – Energy-dependent width of the propagating particle, must be a function of s, mass, and width_0.
width_0 (float) – A parameter that enters the definition of the energy-dependent width.
- Returns:
G – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
The distribution is defined as
\[G(s, M, \Gamma_s, \Gamma_0) = \frac{1}{s - M^2 + i M \Gamma_s(s, M, \Gamma_0)},\]where \(M\) and \(\Gamma_s\) are the mass and the width of the propagating particle, correspondingly. The index \(s\) indicates that the width need not be constant and can depend on energy.
See also
dispersionrelations.kinematics.BreitWigner
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.radiative_width_to_normalisation_squared(width, mV, mP)[source]#
Computes the vector–pseudoscalar form factor normalisation squared from the radiative width of the vector particle.
- Parameters:
width (float) – Radiative width of the vector particle.
mV (float) – Mass of the vector particle.
mP (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar particle.
- Returns:
c_squared – Normalisation squared \(|f(0)|^2\).
- Return type:
float
Notes
The radiative width \(\Gamma\) is connected to the form factor normalisation \(|f(0)|\) via
\[\Gamma_{V \rightarrow P\gamma} = \frac{\alpha(M_V^2 - M_P^2)^3}{24 M_V^3} |f_{VP}(0)|^2.\]
- dispersionrelations.dynamics.radiative_width_to_normalisation_squared_error(width, mV, mP, width_std, mV_std, mP_std)[source]#
Computes the error of the vector–pseudoscalar form factor normalisation squared from the radiative width of the vector particle.
- Parameters:
width (float) – Radiative width of the vector particle (and the corresponding error).
width_std (float) – Radiative width of the vector particle (and the corresponding error).
mV (float) – Mass of the vector particle (and the corresponding error).
mV_std (float) – Mass of the vector particle (and the corresponding error).
mP (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar particle (and the corresponding error).
mP_std (float) – Mass of the pseudoscalar particle (and the corresponding error).
- Returns:
c_squared_std – Error of the normalisation squared \(|f(0)|^2\).
- Return type:
float
Notes
The radiative width \(\Gamma\) is connected to the form factor normalisation \(|f(0)|\) via
\[\Gamma_{V \rightarrow P\gamma} = \frac{\alpha(M_V^2 - M_P^2)^3}{24 M_V^3} |f_{VP}(0)|^2.\]
- class dispersionrelations.dynamics.Channel(loop_integrand: callable, threshold: float, infinity: float = 1000000.0, integration_split_points: list[float] = [2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 50, 100.0, 1000.0, 10000.0, 100000.0], integration_order: int = 100, subtraction_point: float = 0, subtraction_constants: list[float] = [0])[source]#
Bases:
DispersionIntegralRHC,ABCDispersive representation of a channel.
- Parameters:
loop_integrand (callable) – Imaginary part of the self-energy.
threshold (float) – Lower boundary of the integral.
infinity (float, optional) – Upper boundary of the integral in the units of
threshold.integration_split_points (array_like, optional) – Integration split points in the units of
threshold.integration_order (int, optional) – Gauss–Legendre quadrature order.
subtraction_point (float, optional) – Point \(s_0\) of subtraction.
subtraction_constants (array_like, optional) – Array of \(f_i\) subtraction constants. Defines subtraction level \(n\).
Notes
The integral is defined as
\[\Pi(s) = \sum_{i=0}^{n-1}f_i (s-s_0)^i + \frac{(s-s_0)^n}{\pi}\int_{s_{thr}}^{\infty}\frac{\mathrm{Im}(\Pi(x)) \, dx}{(x-s_0)^n(x-s-i\epsilon)},\]where \(s_0\) is the subtraction point, \(f_i\) are the subtraction constants, \(n\) is the subtraction level, and \(\mathrm{Im}(\Pi(x))\) is the integrand.
- loop_discontinuity(s)[source]#
Discontinuity of the two-body channel self-energy.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Four-momentum squared of the two-body state.
- Returns:
DiscΠ – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
We assume the Schwarz reflection principle and therefore,
\[\mathrm{Disc}(\Pi(s)) = 2i \, \mathrm{Im}(\Pi(s)) \, .\]
- loop(s, sheet=1)[source]#
Invokes the
__call__method of the parent class, with an added functionality of switching to the second sheet. Computed the self-energy function of the two-body channel.- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Four-momentum squared of the two-body state.
sheet (int, optional) – Riemann sheet number (can only be 1 or 2, other inputs return the first sheet).
- Returns:
Π – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
- class dispersionrelations.dynamics.PrecomputedChannel(s_values, integrand_values, threshold, **kwargs)[source]#
Bases:
Channel
- class dispersionrelations.dynamics.StableTwoBodyChannel(m1, m2, vertex_function_squared=<function vertex_VPP__2>, taming_factor_squared=<function StableTwoBodyChannel.<lambda>>, **kwargs)[source]#
Bases:
ChannelConstructs a two-body channel with stable particles with masses
m1andm2.- Parameters:
m1 (float) – Mass of the first particle.
m2 (float) – Mass of the second particle.
vertex_function_squared (callable) – Vertex function squared. Depends on the interaction of the particles.
taming_factor (callable) – Taming factor, to make sure that the integrand does not grow indefinitely.
**kwargs – Other keyword arguments, to be passed to the constructor of the parent class.
Notes
The integrand of the loop is constructed via
\[\mathrm{Disc}(\Pi(s)) = 2i \, \rho(s, m_1^2, m_2^2) \beta^2(s, m_1^2, m_2^2) B^2(s) \, ,\]where \(\rho\) is the phase space, \(\beta\) is the vertex function, and \(B\) is the taming factor.
- class dispersionrelations.dynamics.UnstableParticle(decay_channel: Channel, pole_location: complex, pole_sheet: int = 2, mass_and_coupling: tuple | None = None, interpolation_points=[1, 2, 5, 10.0, 50.0, 100.0, 1000.0, 100000.0, 100000000.0], interpolation_density=1000)[source]#
Bases:
objectUnstable particle.
- Parameters:
decay_channel (TwoBodyChannel) – A channel that the particle decays into. The channel does not need to be two-body, as long as it has a
thresholdand functionsintegrandandloop.pole_location (complex) – Location of the resonance pole (see
sR()).pole_sheet (int) – Riemann sheet of the decay channel, on which the resonance lives. For above-threshold resonances, the typical sheet is 2.
mass_and_coupling ((float, float)) – Bare mass and the coupling constant, parameters of the propagator. If passed,
pole_locationis ignored.interpolation_points (list) – Intervals to use for interpolating the spectral function.
interpolation_density (int) – Number of points per interpolation interval.
- propagator(s, sheet=1)[source]#
Propagator of the unstable particle.
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Four-momentum squared of the propagating particle.
sheet (int, optional) – Riemann sheet number of the decay channel self-energy (can only be 1 or 2, other inputs return the first sheet).
- Returns:
G – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
The propagator is defined as
\[G(s) = \frac{1}{s - m^2 + g^2 \Pi(s)} \, ,\]where \(\Pi(s)\) is the self-energy of the decay channel.
- spectral_function_CP(s)[source]#
Spectral function of the unstable particle for \(s\in\mathbb{C}\).
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Four-momentum squared of the propagating particle.
- Returns:
σ – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
The spectral function is defined as
\[\sigma(s) = \frac{1}{\pi} G^{I}(s) G^{II}(s) \, g^2 \mathrm{Im}(\Pi(s)) \, ,\]which, for real \(s\) reduces to
\[\sigma(s\in\mathbb{R}) = -\frac{1}{\pi} \mathrm{Im}(G(s)) \, .\]
- spectral_function_RE(s)[source]#
Spectral function of the unstable particle for \(s\in\mathbb{R}\).
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Four-momentum squared of the propagating particle.
- Returns:
σ – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
The spectral function is defined as
\[\sigma(s) = -\frac{1}{\pi} \mathrm{Im}(G(s)) \, .\]An interpolation function is used when possible.
- class dispersionrelations.dynamics.SemiStableTwoBodyCut(unstable_particle: UnstableParticle, spectator_mass: float, vertex_function_squared: callable, gl_order: int = 100, split_n: int = 3, integration_split_points: list[float] = [2, 5, 10, 50, 100], interpolation_points: list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10.0, 30.0, 50.0, 100.0, 1000.0, 10000.0, 100000.0, 1000000.0, 10000000.0, 100000000.0, 1000000000.0], interpolation_density: int = 1000)[source]#
Bases:
objectTwo-body channel with one unstable particle and one spectator.
- Parameters:
unstable_particle (UnstableParticle) – Unstable particle.
spectator_mass (float) – Mass of the spectator particle.
vertex_function (callable) – Vertex function. Depends on the interaction of the particles.
phase_space (callable) – Phase space function.
taming_factor (callable) – Taming factor, to make sure that the integrand does not grow indefinitely.
gl_order (int) – Gauss–Legendre quadrature order.
split_n (int) – Number of intervals per numerical integration.
interpolation_points (list) – Intervals to use for interpolating the spectral function.
interpolation_density (int) – Number of points per interpolation interval.
- ImPI_integrand_RE(s, x)[source]#
Integrand for the \(\mathrm{Im}(\Pi(s))\) spectral integral for \(x\in\mathbb{R}\).
- Parameters:
s (complex) – Four-momentum squared of the two-body system.
x (array_like) – Four-momentum squared of the unstable particle.
- Returns:
f – The same shape as input x.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
The integrand is defined via
\[\mathrm{Im}(\Pi(s)) = \int_{s_\text{thr}}^{(\sqrt{s}-m)^2} \sigma(x) \rho(s, x, m^2) \beta^2(s, x, m^2) B^2(s) \, ,\]where \(\sigma\) is the spectral function of the unstable particle and \(s_\text{thr}\) is the threshold of the corresponding decay channel.
- ImPI_integrand_CP(s, x)[source]#
Integrand for the \(\mathrm{Im}(\Pi(s))\) spectral integral for \(x\in\mathbb{C}\).
- Parameters:
s (complex) – Four-momentum squared of the two-body system.
x (array_like) – Four-momentum squared of the unstable particle.
- Returns:
f – The same shape as input x.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
The integrand is defined via
\[\mathrm{Im}(\Pi(s)) = \int_{s_\text{thr}}^{(\sqrt{s}-m)^2} \sigma(x) \rho(s, x, m^2) \beta^2(s, x, m^2) B^2(s) \, ,\]where \(\sigma\) is the spectral function of the unstable particle and \(s_\text{thr}\) is the threshold of the corresponding decay channel.
- ImPI_integral(s)[source]#
The \(\mathrm{Im}(\Pi(s))\) spectral integral.
- Parameters:
s (complex) – Four-momentum squared of the two-body system.
- Returns:
ImΠ – A single complex number.
- Return type:
complex
Notes
The integral is defined via
\[\mathrm{Im}(\Pi(s)) = \int_{s_\text{thr}}^{(\sqrt{s}-m)^2} \sigma(x) \rho(s, x, m^2) \beta^2(s, x, m^2) B^2(s) \, ,\]where \(\sigma\) is the spectral function of the unstable particle and \(s_\text{thr}\) is the threshold of the corresponding decay channel.
For complex values of \(s\), the integral contour is taken to be rectangular (see e.g. [11] for more details).
- property ImPI_integral_vectorized#
Vectorized version of
dispersionrelations.dynamics.SemiStableTwoBodyCut.ImPI_integral()
- ImPI_integral_RE(s)[source]#
The \(\mathrm{Im}(\Pi(s))\) spectral integral for \(s\in\mathbb{R}\).
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Four-momentum squared of the two-body system.
- Returns:
ImΠ – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
An interpolation function is used when possible.
- ImPI_integral_CP(s)[source]#
The \(\mathrm{Im}(\Pi(s))\) spectral integral for \(s\in\mathbb{C}\).
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Four-momentum squared of the two-body system.
- Returns:
ImΠ – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
- __call__(s)[source]#
The \(\mathrm{Im}(\Pi(s))\) spectral integral for a generic \(s\).
- Parameters:
s (array_like) – Four-momentum squared of the two-body system.
- Returns:
ImΠ – The same shape as input s.
- Return type:
array_like
Notes
An interpolation function is used when possible for real values of \(s\).
- class dispersionrelations.dynamics.SemiStableTwoBodyChannel(twobodycut: SemiStableTwoBodyCut, taming_factor_squared=<function SemiStableTwoBodyChannel.<lambda>>)[source]#
Bases:
Channel
- class dispersionrelations.dynamics.TwoPotentialModel(channels: dict[str, Channel], bg_par: dict, res_par: dict, channel_sheets: dict = {}, s_array: ndarray | list = array([1.00000000e-10, 2.27567080e-04, 9.09665005e-04, 2.04629388e-03, 3.63745370e-03, 5.68314446e-03, 8.18336617e-03, 1.11381188e-02, 1.45474024e-02, 1.84112170e-02, 2.27295625e-02, 2.75024389e-02, 3.27298463e-02, 3.84117846e-02, 4.45482539e-02, 5.11392541e-02, 5.81847853e-02, 6.56848474e-02, 7.36394405e-02, 8.20485645e-02, 9.09122195e-02, 1.00230405e-01, 1.10003122e-01, 1.20230370e-01, 1.30912149e-01, 1.42048458e-01, 1.53639299e-01, 1.65684671e-01, 1.78184573e-01, 1.91139007e-01, 2.04547971e-01, 2.18411466e-01, 2.32729493e-01, 2.47502050e-01, 2.62729138e-01, 2.78410757e-01, 2.94546907e-01, 3.11137589e-01, 3.28182800e-01, 3.45682543e-01, 3.63636817e-01, 3.82045622e-01, 4.00908958e-01, 4.20226825e-01, 4.39999222e-01, 4.60226151e-01, 4.80907610e-01, 5.02043601e-01, 5.23634122e-01, 5.45679175e-01, 5.68178758e-01, 5.91132872e-01, 6.14541518e-01, 6.38404694e-01, 6.62722401e-01, 6.87494639e-01, 7.12721408e-01, 7.38402708e-01, 7.64538539e-01, 7.91128901e-01, 8.18173794e-01, 8.45673217e-01, 8.73627172e-01, 9.02035658e-01, 9.30898674e-01, 9.60216222e-01, 9.89988300e-01, 1.02021491e+00, 1.05089605e+00, 1.08203172e+00, 1.11362192e+00, 1.14566666e+00, 1.17816592e+00, 1.21111972e+00, 1.24452804e+00, 1.27839090e+00, 1.31270829e+00, 1.34748021e+00, 1.38270666e+00, 1.41838764e+00, 1.45452315e+00, 1.49111319e+00, 1.52815776e+00, 1.56565687e+00, 1.60361050e+00, 1.64201867e+00, 1.68088137e+00, 1.72019860e+00, 1.75997036e+00, 1.80019665e+00, 1.84087747e+00, 1.88201282e+00, 1.92360270e+00, 1.96564712e+00, 2.00814606e+00, 2.05109954e+00, 2.09450754e+00, 2.13837008e+00, 2.18268715e+00, 2.22745875e+00, 2.27268488e+00, 2.31836554e+00, 2.36450074e+00, 2.41109046e+00, 2.45813471e+00, 2.50563350e+00, 2.55358682e+00, 2.60199466e+00, 2.65085704e+00, 2.70017395e+00, 2.74994539e+00, 2.80017136e+00, 2.85085186e+00, 2.90198690e+00, 2.95357646e+00, 3.00562056e+00, 3.05811918e+00, 3.11107234e+00, 3.16448003e+00, 3.21834224e+00, 3.27265899e+00, 3.32743027e+00, 3.38265609e+00, 3.43833643e+00, 3.49447130e+00, 3.55106071e+00, 3.60810464e+00, 3.66560311e+00, 3.72355610e+00, 3.78196363e+00, 3.84082569e+00, 3.90014228e+00, 3.95991340e+00, 4.02013905e+00, 4.08081924e+00, 4.14195395e+00, 4.20354320e+00, 4.26558697e+00, 4.32808528e+00, 4.39103812e+00, 4.45444548e+00, 4.51830738e+00, 4.58262381e+00, 4.64739477e+00, 4.71262027e+00, 4.77830029e+00, 4.84443484e+00, 4.91102393e+00, 4.97806755e+00, 5.04556569e+00, 5.11351837e+00, 5.18192558e+00, 5.25078732e+00, 5.32010359e+00, 5.38987439e+00, 5.46009972e+00, 5.53077959e+00, 5.60191398e+00, 5.67350291e+00, 5.74554636e+00, 5.81804435e+00, 5.89099687e+00, 5.96440392e+00, 6.03826550e+00, 6.11258161e+00, 6.18735225e+00, 6.26257743e+00, 6.33825713e+00, 6.41439137e+00, 6.49098013e+00, 6.56802343e+00, 6.64552126e+00, 6.72347362e+00, 6.80188051e+00, 6.88074193e+00, 6.96005788e+00, 7.03982836e+00, 7.12005337e+00, 7.20073292e+00, 7.28186699e+00, 7.36345560e+00, 7.44549874e+00, 7.52799641e+00, 7.61094860e+00, 7.69435533e+00, 7.77821660e+00, 7.86253239e+00, 7.94730271e+00, 8.03252756e+00, 8.11820695e+00, 8.20434087e+00, 8.29092931e+00, 8.37797229e+00, 8.46546980e+00, 8.55342184e+00, 8.64182841e+00, 8.73068951e+00, 8.82000514e+00, 8.90977531e+00, 9.00000000e+00]))[source]#
Bases:
object